Population Pharmacokinetics of Difloxacin in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) after a Single Oral Administration

This study aimed to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) orally provided a single dose 20 mg/kg body weight (BW). To achieve this, fish were sampled at various intervals using sparse sampling strategy, and plasma samples analyzed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Subsequently, naïve average data non-compartmental method, model was developed based on nonlinear mixed effects approach. The covariate BW relationship between covariances sequentially incorporated into model. However, it found that only covariance not affected parameters. Therefore, taken as final model, which revealed typical values absorption rate constant (tvKa), apparent volume distribution per bioavailability (tvV), clearance (tvCl) 1.18 1/h, 14.18 L/kg, 0.20 L/h/kg, respectively. Based calculated free AUC/MIC values, current oral (20 BW) cannot generate adequate concentrations inhibit pathogens with MIC above 0.83 μg/mL. Further should be carried out collect from determine against them. Pharmacodynamic experiments must also further optimal therapeutic for treatment Aeromonas hydrophila infection.